Maximal oppositions

Maximal opposition therapy is an approach for speech and language therapists who are working with children who have unclear speech due to phonological impairment. The approach is based on the therapist’s analysis what children know about the adult speech system and what they need to learn to make their own speech clearer. This analysis helps therapists decide what elements of speech to target, so as to get the best results (Gierut, 1992; Gierut, 2001; Gierut, Elbert & Dinnsen, 1987).

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  • Maximal oppositions

    Maximal opposition therapy is an approach for speech and language therapists who are working with children who have unclear speech due to phonological impairment. The approach is based on the therapist’s analysis what children know about the adult speech system and what they need to learn to make their own speech clearer. This analysis helps therapists decide what elements of speech to target, so as to get the best results (Gierut, 1992; Gierut, 2001; Gierut, Elbert & Dinnsen, 1987).

    Evidence Rating: Moderate

  • Meaningful Minimal Contrast Therapy (MMCT)

    Meaningful minimal contrast therapy (MMCT) is an approach for speech and language therapists who are working with children who have unclear speech due to phonological impairment and is one of a number of contrast therapies which have evolved over the last two decades. The common aim of all these therapies is improved speech production in children with unclear speech due to speech sound difficulties (phonological impairment).

    Evidence Rating: Moderate

  • Thinking together

    Thinking together is a dialogue-based approach to the development of children's thinking and learning using talk as a tool for thinking. It connects the development of children's 'thinking skills' to the development of their communication skills and curriculum learning.

    Evidence Rating: Moderate

  • Parent-child book reading

    Parent-child book reading aims to foster children’s language and literacy development, as well as attachment with the parent and social-emotional wellbeing.

    Evidence Rating: Moderate

  • Parent directed home visiting intervention

    Parent-directed home visiting intervention aims to increase parent knowledge of child language development and improve the quality and quantity of parent–child language interaction in families of low socio-economic status. A trained coach visits family homes every week for 8 weeks and implements 8 computer-based intervention modules with parents of children aged 1.5-3 years.

    Evidence Rating: Moderate

  • Millieu teaching/ therapy

    Milieu Teaching/Therapy has a long history in the field of psychiatry and psychiatric nursing. It is a planned treatment environment in which everyday events and interactions are designed as part of therapy to enhance social skills and build confidence. The milieu, or "life space," provides a safe environment that is rich with social opportunities and immediate feedback from caring staff.

    Evidence Rating: Moderate

  • Morphological awareness training

    Morphological awareness training involves provision of linguistically explicit instruction in morphological awareness for children with language impairment to improve language and literacy outcomes. The intervention is over 10 weeks, children can take part in groups of 2-4, completing two 30-minute sessions per week. Evidence for this intervention comes from an experimental trial in schools where intervention was delivered by a Speech Language Pathologist.

    Evidence Rating: Moderate

  • Speech improvement classes / motor learning treatment

    Speech improvement classes involve motor learning treatment delivered by Speech-Language Pathologists for primary school children with speech-sound difficulties. Children receive 20 hours of treatment in speech improvement classes, 30-minute sessions twice per week, for 20 weeks of treatment. Treatment involves two phases: establishment and randomized-variable practice

    Evidence Rating: Moderate

  • PhonoSens

    PhonoSens is a treatment programme for speech sound disorders in preschool-early primary school aged children which focuses on integrating phonological and phonetic processing according to the Integrated Psycholinguistic Model of Speech Processing (IPMSP, Terband et al 2019). In PhonoSens, therapy is divided approximately in half between perceptual and production training. The programme involves 6 hierarchical steps and is delivered over 15 weekly sessions of 45 min each.

    Evidence Rating: Moderate