Focused auditory stimulation
This is a component of the ‘Cycles’ approach to correcting very unclear speech (Hodson & Paden, 1991), though may also be used in combination with other different approaches to speech sound intervention. It’s typically used with children who are between 3 and 6 years old, children who can’t make the target sound or are unwilling or unable to join in with other types of intervention.
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Focused auditory stimulation
This is a component of the ‘Cycles’ approach to correcting very unclear speech (Hodson & Paden, 1991), though may also be used in combination with other different approaches to speech sound intervention. It’s typically used with children who are between 3 and 6 years old, children who can’t make the target sound or are unwilling or unable to join in with other types of intervention.
Evidence Rating: Moderate
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Gillon Phonological Awareness Programme
This programme targets phonological awareness, speech production and literacy skills in children aged 5-7 with a speech impairment. The programme is based on the work of Gillon (2004). It impacts on phonological awareness through targeting rhyme, phoneme analysis, phoneme identity, segmentation, blending and manipulation.
Evidence Rating: Moderate
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Stimulability treatment
Stimulability is when children can accurately copy a target speech sound that a therapist models for them. Research shows that children do well if they are able to copy target sounds. This approach aims to increase stimulability of non-stimulable sounds (Miccio & Elbert, 1996).
Evidence Rating: Indicative
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Rapid Syllable Transition Treatment: ReST
A treatment for childhood apraxia of speech (CAS, dyspraxia) which aims to address the three core features of the disorder. ReST deliberately avoids real words, and because the semantic system is not engaged in the nonsense words, the child is required to compile a new motor plan without the assistance or interference of the semantic system on each attempt.
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Psycholinguistic framework
The Psycholinguistic Framework (Stackhouse & Wells, 1997) is a tool for speech and language therapists who are working with children who have unclear speech. It is a model to help therapists understand how a child is processing speech, which can then be used as a way of analysing how a child is saying particular words and sounds. This can be used as a basis for planning therapy.
Evidence Rating: Moderate
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Phoneme factory
Phoneme Factory is a suite of seven computerised activities including sound symbol matching, rhyming, blending, minimal pair discrimination. They are designed to increase children’s processing of speech sound skills leading to changes in the child’s speech sound (phonological) system.
Evidence Rating: Moderate
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Parents and Children Together (PACT)
PACT is a programme of therapy for young children, aged 3 to 6, with speech sound difficulties, which is an approach that can be used by speech and language therapists. During therapy the speech and language therapist (SLT) involves parents and significant others, possibly including teachers.
Evidence Rating: Indicative
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Family-centred Practice
The aim of FCP is to use increased parental involvement in their children’s speech and language therapy (SLT) to enhance SLT outcomes for children’s expressive and receptive language, as well as increase parental satisfaction with SLT.
Evidence Rating: Moderate
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Electropalatography (EPG)
Electropalatography (EPG) is a computer-based instrument used by specialists, which gives information on the location and timing of the tongue’s contact with the hard palate during continuous speech.
Evidence Rating: Moderate
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